Carriage-spring



2 (No Model.)

G. PENNOYER.

CARRIAGE SPRING. 2 2 No. 252,326. I Patented Jan. 17,1882.

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, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

GEORGE PENNOYER', OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

"CARRIAGE-SPRING SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentApplication filed October 31, 1881. Nb model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE PENNOYER, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of Chicago, in the State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and usefulIm provements in Buggy- Springs, of which thefollowing is the specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

The nature and objectof this invention are to provide a spring forside-bar buggies that will for an ordinarybuggy is from fifty-two tofiftyfour inches,and in aspring of theabovelengths the shape and formot'the spring would be substantially as follows In drawinga linedirectly through thetwo eyes A to B, as the line of suspension, it wouldcross the spring twice, and'the rear end of the springthatis, the sweepfrom A to Dis below the line at its greatestdepth, the same as the sweepfrom D to F is above the line at its highest point,

v while the sweep at the front end of the'spring.

from Fto B, below the line at its lowest point, is one-half the distanceof the greatest departure from the same line of suspension of boththepther sweeps;

While I have been thus definite in mentioning the relative.corresponding points in the construction of my spring, it is manifestthat a slight departure from this e' ct statement will not be adeparture from the spirit of my .invention.

I hang my spring at each enddirectly to the gear without the use of theintervening link or'equali'zing-bar, as all the advantages ofthe No.252,326, dated January 17 1882.

link or equalizing-bar are secured in this form ofspring, and thlSfOI'lnof the construction of a side spring enables me to hang the body ofa-sidebar buggy in such a way as to secure an easy, sofa-and gracefulmotion to the body of the buggy.

As it has been observed, the front end ofthe spring has only one-halfthe sweep below the line of-suspension the rear end has. This serves atriple purpose. It enables me to hang the body low. At thesame time itis sufficiently high to swing over the axle in turning the buggy, and,also, which is of great importance, it makes the spring stronger at bothends. Were this end more curved, 'or had a greater sweep in suddenlystopping or starting the buggy, it would be more liable to break,because it would be bendingthe spring in a reverse way, which would openthe upset side of the metal, and the liability to break in this event isvery great. It also prevents the giving and taking or longitudinalswaying of the spring when the buggyis started, stopped, or in motion.This form of spring equalizes itself-that is, when it is depressed bytheincuinbeut weight the ends of thespring are not moved in oppositedirections; but the movements of the spring are entirelyin verticallines; nor are the, ends brought toward each other in the same movement.

I claim- 1.. A buggy -sprin-g the rear end of which having the sweepbelow theline of suspension and the sweep at the center above the lineof suspension substantially equal, and the sweep half the sweep at rearend and center, sub stantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of the abovedescribed spring witha side-bar buggv.

GEORGE PEN XOYER.

W itnesses:

JAs. A. OowLEs, H'. R. 'PEBBLEs.

'at the front end of spring substantially oue-

